Senator Conroy is on record as saying
The government intends to take an evidence based approach to this issue. The results of the live pilot will inform the government’s policy in this area. (Senate, 13 November, 2008)
A number of questions arise from this statement.
- What is an evidenced based approach?
- What evidence will the live pilot produce?
I’m not an expert in Evidence Based Medicine from which Evidence Based Policy (and I’m assuming, an evidence based approach to policy) arises. I do remember reading a critique of EBM somewhere online, but as it’s only a side issue for me, I did not bookmark nor record that particular piece of ‘evidence’. I do, however, have some skills in searching out evidence, skills I used to find some critiques of evidence based methodologies.
One of the most interesting finds was a paper on Evidence Based Policy which looks specifically at the Australian context. It was noted in that paper there are many forms of evidence including
Expert knowledge; published research, existing research; stakeholder consultations; previous policy evaluations; the Internet; outcomes from consultations; costings of policy options; output from economic and statistical modelling (UK Cabinet Office, 1999 quoted in Marston and Watts, 2003, p145)
This is not an exhaustive list, but gives some idea of the kinds of ‘knowledge’ that can be used within the process of making policy. Marston and Watts make the claim that “the meaning and practice of ‘evidence-based policy’ are contested” (2203, p143). Knowledge is also highly contested[] and hierarchical, with scientific, objective forms of research contributing more strongly than other forms of empirical data (including expert knowledge derived from practice – that is, that developed by Systems Administrators who daily engage with the concepts under contestation).
Marston and Watts (2003, p150-1) give the following list as the “core features of all evidence-based arguments“:
- an implied or identified question
- a claim or proposition that such and such is the case or that such and such explains or renders intelligible
- the evidence adduced in support of that claim or proposition
- a set of assumptions that have assisted in a) shaping the question, b) selecting what will count as the relevant evidence and c) which then link the evidence to the claim by means of conceptual processes that warrant the proposed link between the claim and the evidence actually advanced.
Let’s apply these to the current debate.
Read more of Evidence based approach?