Posts Tagged ‘learning’

Surfing at work isn’t automatically bad

For my course, Business Informatics, we have an assignment based on excel skills that attempts to develop, not only the ability to use a spreadsheet, but to understand some business processes.

For the last few semesters, we have used the idea of an online, affiliate marketing/advertising type of analysis, where students had to decide which items to remove from the listing based on observable patterns in a very small data set.  The idea is to test whether they can create a formula as well as whether they paid attention to any of the lecture material on new business models, etc.  Mostly they didn’t, but some always got it.  They had to do things like add GST, multiply number sold by price and subtract cost, sort according to income, really basic stuff.

This year, we’ve decided to be a bit more topical, because, let’s face it, selling online is old.  One of the things that comes up frequently is the use of social networking sites and how they ‘rob’ time from employers and other bizarre notions.  We want students to analyse time spent at different tasks (mostly online) and determine whether these sites should be blocked, because Management have ‘expressed concern’ about usage patterns.

This was partly suggested by a student from last semester who mentioned, in the lecture on social networking, that her company had decided to block FaceBook because in the last month, people had spent 500 hours on the site.  Of course, they panicked about that, leading them to block it.  We discussed the issue for a while and I eventually asked how many people worked at her place of employ.  Well, it was about 1000.  So, on average, each employe spent half an hour PER MONTH on FaceBook.  This is obviously (note the sarcasm) a Big Problem.  Or not.

So, to assist future managers when confronted by such big numbers with making a decision, we are going to get them to make a decision based on some not entirely real data[1].  The basic problem I’m having is coming up with sites that people who actually work would actually visit for their actual work.

This is the list so far.

www.facebook.com, www.youtube.com, www.techdirt.com, scholar.google.com, news.com.au, gmail.com, www.bom.gov.au, www.comsec.com.au, orkut.com, macheist.com, realestate.com.au, digg.com, yahoo.com.au, seek.com.au, twitter.com, bne.com.au, icanhascheezburger, boingboing.com, microsoft.com, apple.com.au, bank.com.au, abc.net.au, ning.com, squidoo.com, flickr.com, imdb.com, paypal.com.au, dominos.com.au, huffingtonpost.com, goldencasket.com, whitepages.com.au, blogger.com, thinkgeek.com, articulate.com, wordpress.com, yellow.com.au, picnik.com, itunes.com, iinet.net.au, lifehacker.com, tvguide.com.au, delicious.com, pcworld.idg.com.au, ted.com, instructables.com, virginmobile.com.au, ourbrisbane.com.au, learningrails.com, www.griffith.edu.au, www.cqu.edu.au, www.uq.edu.au, www.qut.edu.au,  www.ebay.com.au

But it doesn’t seem too real, because there has to be things that people not working in academia would possibly visit in the course of their work and, let’s face it, with the exception of a few, most of them are fairly academic or, a bit on the geeky side.

The second problem I have is to actually work out how such a data set would look, and it will probably be large.  The students will still have to do averages, some basic calculations, the pivot table and a couple of graphs.

I wouldn’t mind adding a second set of data about how much individuals achieve in a month and fudge that data to show that the people who actually achieve the most, also spent the most time on social networking, because that’s what we do!

So, any network enginers out there? Do you have any ideas how this kind of data set would look?

  1. but when have universities been concerned with *real data* – oops more sarcasm []

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Keep the Pipes Clean!

I was sending an email this morning and I noticed something about my email signature, which I must admit I have not changed for quite some time (perhaps 2 or 3 years). It reads thusly:

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Education is the kindling of a flame, not the filling of a vessel. (Socrates, apparently.)
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This email is sent using recycled, sustainable electrons!  Keep the pipes clean.
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I realised, belatedly, that the last bit of that could be interpreted in two ways.  Obviously with the “Clean Feed”, that last statement could be read in support of a filtered internet, but it is not my intent.  Given the analogy that is often used to help explain the internet as a ‘series of tubes‘[1], and the network neutrality debates, I seek to make a statement that the tubes/pipes/network should not be limited nor blocked in any way.

I figure it this way: if all our data flows through these pipes, then any kludge on the sides of the pipes restricts the flow of information.  Providing preferred ‘flow’ for any information, as has been proposed by some very large ISPs particularly in the US, is a form of kludge for all other information.  So too for the “clean feed”.  It is, in effect, a blockage in the system.  It is dirtying the pipes, something we would be loath to do with our actual plumbing.

I guess the real problem, then, is that some people already have their pipes partially blocked with spyware, malware and popup generators of all kinds.  And just like our actual plumbing, when you get a problem on your end, you call a plumber.  You don’t whinge and complain that there is too much poop in your plumbing.  You fix your plumbing.  You clean out your pipes!

Perhaps we need an education program around how much like a toilet your computer really is.  Or perhaps not.

But, wait, yes!  This is what we need.  If you are relying on the Government to clean and look after your toilet, there is really something wrong!

Which brings me to the first part of my signature.  Filling a vessel vs kindling a flame.  Two very different views of learning.  One tells us that we have no control, that we are passive and need guidance and will be filled by whatever anyone tells us [2].  The other, well, it points to the very nature of the Internet – a brightly burning source of inspiration, knowledge, connection and the potential to provide for ourselves.

I know which Internet I want.

  1. the plumbing analogy []
  2. I’m looking at YOU, Jim Wallace! []

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Data visualisations

One of the many things that fascinate me is the visualisation of data and information.  I’ve been following Nathan at Flowing Data for a while.  Of course, most of my interactions there have been vicarious.  Until today.  The challenge was to visualise[1] data of poverty rates across different states in the US.  I don’t know if we have a similar measure in Aus, but it was a challenge and I’m on holidays so can play with ideas without really needing to, so I did.

Having four subsets within the data made it a bit of a challenge.  I thought about using a stacked graph, but that’s too simple.  There was a map of poverty as depth of colour across individual states, but I’m still getting my head around where all of the states are[2], so in some ways, maps of the US are almost meaningless to me.  I’m familiar with the names of the states, but couldn’t reliably say where all of them were, with probably about half a dozen exceptions.  I thought about using area, multiple layers and all sorts of things, but I finally decided on using the names of the states.  If there was some way of representing the proportion of the population related to the name of the state, I was home.  Then I remembered Wordle.  Wordle is a visualisation based on frequency of occurrence of words, but each state only occured once in the list.  I had to come up with a way of representing the proportion of people with the name of the state.  Using some excel-fu, I managed to get the list in terms of repeated occurrences of each state based on the proportion[3].  Then I could put it into Wordle for it to visualise the frequency.  The result is below. I’m quite impressed with it, even if it doesn’t give a really accurate picture.

Visualisation of the proportion of the US population living in Poverty

Visualisation of the proportion of the US population living in Poverty

I think visualisation is going to become a very important skill in the future.  I’d love to be able to develop a course in this.  We touch, ever so briefly, on the concepts in Business Informatics, but with the new degree that we’re planning, I hope to get a full course on visualisation developed.

  1. and yes, it is spelt with an S []
  2. and there’s so many states []
  3. made the proportion a whole number (multiplied by 100), then used the REPT function in excel to get that number of repeats of the state’s name []

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Filters and learning

I’ve been think about some of the arguments for the proposed changes to access of information in Australia, aka the ‘clean’ feed.  I’m not sure what to call it because there has been debate, serious debate, about terminology.

But the thing that’s tweaking me at the moment is the book I’m reading[1] – Vygotsky and Pedagogy  (Daniels, 2001).  There is something in the Vygotskian tradition that needs to be applied to the whole shenanigans being proposed.  The nature of tools and mediation that Vygotsky used – the non-deterministic account in which mediators serve as the means by which the individual acts upon and is acted upon by social, cultural and historical factors – would really help me analyse what’s going on – if I could just get my head back in that space.

Of course, I’m supposed to be reading this book to finish my paper on the adult extension of Vygotsky’s work which goes something like this:

Children learn with the help of a more able partner (be that parent, teacher or peer).  In simplistic terms, Vygotsky posited that the Zone of Proximal Development was the difference between what a child can do unassisted and what they are able to achieve with help.  This is, in some ways, a better developmental indicator than simply assessing what a child can do at a given point (which is how we traditionally measure development).

In my work with adult learners, there is a similar process going on, but there are differences.  I often see Vygotsky’s work applied directly to adults with no change to account for any difference between adults and children.  What I find, though, is that adults are generally able to see that they don’t know something and take action to rectify that.  I called this the Zone of Learning Capability in my thesis.  It’s almost equivalent to the Zone of Proximal Development but takes into account the differences between an immature learner and a mature learner (although those terms may be problematic).

In a sense then, mature learners (or adults) generally (but not always) undertake activities to assist in their understanding of their world.  This is where the Internet is so powerful.  We can search and take steps to rectify what we don’t know. We can ask Twitter, Jeeves and thousands of other sites.  We are here to learn.

But what has this to do with the filters? Well, I’m fairly sure  they won’t work.  Most of the people I know are fairly sure they won’t work.  And if we’re unsure, we can ask.  We don’t pretend we know and go along blythely assuming that we understand when we don’t.  We openly discuss the differences in our positions. We may shift our positions depending on any number of new items of information.  We are, in a sense, adult learners – mature learners, if you will.

Which brings me to my point: I don’t think Conroy[2] is a mature learner.  He won’t accept other possible interpretations or any other information new or otherwise.  In fact, I’m pretty sure that many of our politicians, the world over, are not mature learners[3]. There are few people in this debate (at least on one side of the debate) who are what I would call mature learners.  The whole debate is being mediated through a particular lens, a way of seeing the world through the perception of immature learners.

The mediator in the debate can almost be essentialised to how we actually view the internet.  The language being used almost denies that there is anything of value in the whole series of tubes.  Perhaps it’s that analogy that is working against us.  Tubes are relatively easy to block and unblock.   Of course, it must be simple to alter the flow, it’s like a tap!  If the internet is a series of tubes, then the filter is a tap, one which may be turned on or off  at will and the flow regulated.

Now there’s a problem we need to work on. What language do we use to state our position?

Reference: Daniels, H, 2001, Vygotsky and Pedagogy, RoutledgeFalmer, London.
  1. which I’ve been reading for ages and never quite finished []
  2. or Our Dear Friend Clive Hamilton – where has he been hiding? []
  3. see if you can pick the few that are []

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Happy New Year … or something

So it’s the end of one arbitrarily defined time period and the beginning of another.  I often question why we have this moment when everything becomes new again, or so the theory goes.  What does it mean when everything is focused into one moment?

Over the last few years, I’ve found it much more compelling to contemplate the sunrise on the first of January.  That seems more indicative of newness to me.  I know there are all sorts of old traditions that dictate that midnight is symbolic, but that symbolism seems less relevant in our current age.  I don’t know of anyone who still celebrates with the First Foot so why do other traditions persist when some fall by the wayside?

I was just discussing traditions with a friend and we were pondering the nature of changes in what’s defined as appropriate, both online and off, and we both expressed concern over the remaking of the female image under a male gaze.  It raises questions about what changes have happened and are now being pushed forward.  Things like defining the naked body as only sexual.  I keep hearing comments from our so-called leaders about how disgusting certain images are, and now topless sunbathing is being labelled as revolting.  Personally, I think sunbathing is revolting but that’s because I live in Queensland, the skin cancer captial of the world.  It’s not the topless part that’s the problem, it’s the framing of attractiveness and health in terms of suntan.  I think that is the problem.

The whole reframing of the body was a part of the feminist movement, but it’s been usurped by the far-right.  Think about brazillians and the implication of pre-pubescence that comes with that.  The hairlessness of our current standards of beauty evoke immaturity – an immature female body.  Now who’s being disgusting?

So I really think it’s important that we not implement puritanical standards of imagery on the web.  I really think that there is a line and we are so far from it, that it’s unlikely we will cross it[1].  We need to become comfortable with ourselves.  Our politicians are not.  I hope they loosen up and realise that their morality is not mine (and probably not yours).  I will work towards keeping our ability to appreciate the human body, it does, after all, have a certain beauty, but one that is being manipulated by so many different forces that it will be hard to unravel.

In this new year, lets contemplate the ways in which we have moved forward, and the forces that are holding us back, both personally and socially.  Oh, and don’t forget politically.  Those forces should never be ignored.

Have a good one!

  1. of course, if you manipulate your search terms, you can find some pretty disgusting stuff, but generally, you won’t find it if you don’t go looking and you don’t have spyware on your computer []

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